Answer:- The Document Object Model (DOM) can be defined as a cross-platform programming interface that defines HTML and XML documents as objects and nodes. It will define the logical structure of the documents and document manipulated. DOM allows the programmers to create, modify, delete the document structure, content, and style.

Answer:- 1. transition-delay 2. transition-duration 3. transition-property 4. transition-timing-function

Answer:- Media queries in CSS define styles in CSS that are responsive based on the different shapes and sizes of the viewing window.

Answer:- XSS means Cross site scripting can be defined as a common attack vector that will inject malicious code into the vulnerable web application. Stored XSS, also called persistent XSS, is the more damaging. It will occur when we inject a malicious script directly into a vulnerable web application.

Answer:- Float can be defined as a popular property in CSS that is used to control the position and layout of an element on a web page. div { float: right; } In CSS, Z-index can be defined as a property that defines the order of elements on a web page. It majorly works on the basis of order indices; a higher-order element has to appear before a lower-order element.

Answer:- With web storage, The web applications were able to store data locally within the user’s browser. Before HTML5, application data was stored in cookies that were included in each and every server request. Web storage is more secure, and huge amounts of data are stored locally without affecting the website’s performance.

Answer:- • ES5 • It is a fifth edition of the ECMAScript. • We can only define the variables only using the var keyword. • ES6 • It is a sixth edition of the ECMAScript. • We can define variables in two ways(let and const).

Answer:- o A network is a set of devices that are connected with a physical media link. In a network, two or more nodes are connected by a physical link or two or more networks are connected by one or more nodes. o A network is a collection of devices connected to each other to allow the sharing of data. o Example of a network is an internet. An internet connects the millions of people across the world.

Answer:- Network topology specifies the layout of a computer network. It shows how devices and cables are connected to each other. The types of topologies are: • Bus: • Bus topology is a network topology in which all the nodes are connected to a single cable known as a central cable or bus. • It acts as a shared communication medium, i.e., if any device wants to send the data to other devices, then it will send the data over the bus which in turn sends the data to all the attached devices. • Bus topology is useful for a small number of devices. As if the bus is damaged then the whole network fails. • Star: • Star topology is a network topology in which all the nodes are connected to a single device known as a central device. • Star topology requires more cable compared to other topologies. Therefore, it is more robust as a failure in one cable will only disconnect a specific computer connected to this cable. • If the central device is damaged, then the whole network fails. • Star topology is very easy to install, manage and troubleshoot. • Star topology is commonly used in office and home networks. • Ring • Ring topology is a network topology in which nodes are exactly connected to two or more nodes and thus, forming a single continuous path for the transmission. • It does not need any central server to control the connectivity among the nodes. • If the single node is damaged, then the whole network fails. • Ring topology is very rarely used as it is expensive, difficult to install and manage. • Examples of Ring topology are SONET network, SDH network, etc. • Mesh • Mesh topology is a network topology in which all the nodes are individually connected to other nodes. • It does not need any central switch or hub to control the connectivity among the nodes. • Mesh topology is categorized into two parts: o Fully connected mesh topology: In this topology, all the nodes are connected to each other. o Partially connected mesh topology: In this topology, all the nodes are not connected to each other. • It is a robust as a failure in one cable will only disconnect the specified computer connected to this cable. • Mesh topology is rarely used as installation and configuration are difficult when connectivity gets more. • Cabling cost is high as it requires bulk wiring. • Tree • Tree topology is a combination of star and bus topology. It is also known as the expanded star topology. • In tree topology, all the star networks are connected to a single bus. • Ethernet protocol is used in this topology. • In this, the whole network is divided into segments known as star networks which can be easily maintained. If one segment is damaged, but there is no effect on other segments. • Tree topology depends on the "main bus," and if it breaks, then the whole network gets damaged. • Hybrid • A hybrid topology is a combination of different topologies to form a resulting topology. • If star topology is connected with another star topology, then it remains star topology. If star topology is connected with different topology, then it becomes a Hybrid topology. • It provides flexibility as it can be implemented in a different network environment. • The weakness of a topology is ignored, and only strength will be taken into consideration.

Answer:- A list of advantages of distributed processing: • Secure • Support Encapsulation • Distributed database • Faster Problem solving • Security through redundancy • Collaborative Processing

Answer:- Network reliability: Network reliability means the ability of the network to carry out the desired operation through a network such as communication through a network. Network reliability plays a significant role in the network functionality. The network monitoring systems and devices are the essential requirements for making the network reliable.The network monitoring system identifies the problems that are occurred in the network while the network devices ensure that data should reach the appropriate destination. The reliability of a network can be measured by the following factors: • Downtime: The downtime is defined as the required time to recover. • Failure Frequency: It is the frequency when it fails to work the way it is intended. • Catastrophe: It indicates that the network has been attacked by some unexpected event such as fire, earthquake.

Answer:- There are mainly two security affecting factors: • Unauthorized Access • Viruses

Answer:- The following factors affect the reliability of a network: • Frequency of failure • Recovery time of a network after a failure

Answer:- The following factors affect the performance of a network: • Large number of users • Transmission medium types • Hardware • Software