Answer:- The five type of SQL statements are: 1. Data Definition Language 2. Data Manipulation Language 3. Transactional control 4. Session Control 5. System Control

Answer:- The process of arranging data in a database is known as normalization. This involves building tables and defining relationships between them according to rules designed to protect data while also allowing the database to be more flexible by removing redundancy and conflicting dependencies.

Answer:- A binary file that records the physical structure of the database and is required to start and run the database. A control file contains information such as • Data file • Database name • Redo file name • Locations of associated data files and redo files. • Timestamp of database creation. • Current log sequence number • Checkpoint information

Answer:- Steps to recover a lost control file are: 1. Start the database in the NOMOUNT mode 2. Create the control file from the control file backup with CREATE CONTROLFILE statement, and place it in the correct location. 3. Mount the database 4. Recover the database 5. Open the database

Answer:- The redo log’s main purpose is to keep track of all data changes. If a failure stops personalised data from being permanently written to data files, corrections may be made from the redo log, ensuring that the work is never wasted.

Answer:- A parameter file is a text file that includes a list of initialization parameters as well as their values. Initialization parameters are defined in a parameter file that is exclusive to your installation.

Answer:- The recovery catalog is a database scheme that contains the metadata that RMAN manages for data restoration and recovery processes. The metadata used by RMAN for reinstallation and healing process is stored in a recovery catalog. The RMAN metadata is still present in the recovery catalogue even if the target control file and all backups are lost.

Answer:- When the database is created, the system tablespace is formed. Since this tablespace contains all of the data dictionary tables, it is used to create a number of database objects. For the database to run efficiently, the system tablespace must remain online.

Answer:- Running a query from the command prompt will reveal to you the Oracle version. The version information is held in the v$version table. SELECT * FROM v$version;

Answer:- For numerical columns in database tables, a sequence produces a serial list of unique numbers. For data where we want to insert data in a systematic way, we may use the sequence on columns.

Answer:- In a database, the table is the first physical object. Oracle divides data into rows and columns using tables in a database. In a database, the table is the first physical object.

Answer:- A query is added to any view in order to define specific rows and columns of the table. The view is a type of virtual table. Read-only and read-write views are available types of views.

Answer:- The advantages of using a view in the table are • It is a subset of the data in table • It store complex queries • It can simplify multiple tables into one • It occupies very little space • It presents the data from different perspectives

Answer:- A tablespace is a logical storage unit that groups together similar logical structures. It is the logical structure that will organise all of the database’s objects.